Certified Alcohol and Drug Counselor Practice Exam 2026 – Complete Study Resource

Wernicke's encephalopathy is primarily characterized by confusion, which is the most common symptom associated with this condition. It is part of a neurological syndrome caused by a deficiency in thiamine (vitamin B1), often seen in individuals with alcohol use disorder or those who have nutritional deficiencies. The confusion can manifest as disorientation, difficulties in focusing or concentrating, and overall altered mental status.

This cognitive impairment is significant as it affects the person’s ability to communicate, make decisions, and process information, which is why it stands out as the most prevalent symptom. Other symptoms of Wernicke's encephalopathy may include ocular abnormalities and ataxia, further supporting the significance of the confusion symptom as it directly impairs cognitive function and daily activities. Thus, recognizing confusion as a primary symptom can facilitate early intervention, which is critical in preventing progression to more severe outcomes, such as Korsakoff syndrome.